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狀態：NP(TV) 編號：300006894 詞彙類型：概念
要塞(防禦工事) fortresses
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範圍註 ：
永久設立之大型防禦性軍事據點，經特別強固，部份會包含城鎮。較「堡壘（forts）」更大及堅固。
詞彙 ：
要塞(防禦工事)　(P,,U,繁體中文-偏好,D,,)
堡壘(要塞)　(,U,繁體中文-非偏好,UF,,)
城堡(要塞)　(,U,繁體中文-非偏好,UF,U,U)
yao sai(P,,U,韋氏拼音-偏好,UF,U,U)
yào sāi(P,,U,漢語拼音-偏好,UF,U,U)
yao sai(P,,U,漢語拼音(無聲調)-偏好,UF,U,U)
fortresses(P,,U,英文-偏好,D,U,PN)
fortress(,U,英文-非偏好,AD,U,SN)
strongholds(,U,英文-非偏好,UF,U,N)
vestingen(P,,U,荷蘭語-偏好,D,U,U)
vesting(,U,荷蘭語-非偏好,AD,U,U)
fortalezas(P,,U,西班牙語-偏好,D,U,PN)
fortaleza(,U,西班牙語-非偏好,AD,U,SN)
層面/層級編碼： V.RK
層級架構：
相關概念：
distinguished from....堡壘(碉堡)
其他範圍註 ：
英文....Large, permanent, heavily fortified, defensive military positions, sometimes including a town. Larger and stronger than "forts."
荷蘭語....Grote, permanente, zwaarversterkte militaire verdedigingsposities, soms met een stad erbij. Groter en sterker dan 'vestingwerken'.
西班牙語....Úsese para designar una posición militar defensiva grande, permanente, fuertemente fortificada, que a veces incluye una ciudad. Más grandes que "fuerte".
來源與貢獻者：
要塞(防禦工事)............ [AS-Academia Sinica]
................. 朗文當代大辭典 676
................. 智慧藏百科全書網 September 30, 2012
................. 牛津當代大辭典 688
................. 建築學英漢辭典 163
................. 遠流字典通 May 15, 2015
................. Cambridge Dictionaries Online May 15, 2015
堡壘(要塞)............ [AS-Academia Sinica]
................. 朗文當代大辭典 676
................. 建築學英漢辭典 163
................. Cambridge Dictionaries Online May 15, 2015
城堡(要塞)............ [AS-Academia Sinica]
................. 線上英漢字典 May 15, 2015
................. Cambridge Dictionaries Online May 15, 2015
fortresses............ [VP]
................. Adkins, Thesaurus of British Archaeology (1982) IND
................. Roberts, Construction Industry Thesaurus (1976) 
................. Dictionary of Architecture and Construction (1975) 
................. Hogg, Fortress (1977) 8
................. Oxford English Dictionary (1989) 
................. Quick, Weapons and Military Terms (1973) 
................. RCHME, Revised Thesaurus of Architectural Terms (1989) 
................. RILA, Subject Headings (1975-1990) 
................. Sturgis, Dictionary of Architecture and Building (1902) 
................. Canadian Thesaurus of Construction Science and Technology (1978) 
................. Webster's Third New International Dictionary (1961) 
................. Random House Unabridged Dictionary (1993) 
................. BHA Subject Headings (1985-) 
fortress............ [VP]
................. Getty Vocabulary Program rules 
strongholds............ [VP]
................. Dictionary of Architecture and Construction (1975) 
................. Webster's Third New International Dictionary (1961) 
vestingen............ [Bureau AAT]
................. AAT-Ned (1994-) 
vesting............ [Bureau AAT]
................. AAT-Ned (1994-) 
fortalezas............ [CDBP-DIBAM]
................. Comité, Plural del término en singular 
fortaleza............ [CDBP-DIBAM]
................. Mumford, La Ciudad en la Historia (1966) 
................. Plazola Cisneros y Plazola Anguiano, Arquitectura Habitacional (1990) 
Subject:............ [Bureau AAT]
................. RIBA, Architectural Keywords (1982) Fortresses, citadels
................. RILA, Subject Headings (1975-1990) Military architecture
................. Van Dale groot woordenboek (1994) 
................. Van Dale Engels-Nederlands (1989) 
................. Kamps, Terminologie verdedigingswerken (1999) 
外部連結：
引用：
[要塞(防禦工事) fortresses(編號300006894)]。《藝術與建築索引典》。http://aat.teldap.tw/AATFullDisplay/300006894（2025/10/31瀏覽）。

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