卡洛斯銘文 kalos inscriptions
範圍註 ：
希臘古瓶上的銘文，其文字形式為「某某人為美（kalos）的化身」。卡洛斯一字為俊美或漂亮之意，其中隱含情色暗示。此類銘文有時亦見於牆上。卡洛斯銘文被視為象徵男同性戀之愛、或名人崇拜，這與古希臘時期常見的孌童戀有關；此類銘文亦可能反映的是訂製器皿者、而非瓶畫匠的情感。銘刻的文字通常為雅典貴族青少年之名。其中與知名歷史人物有關的姓名，對於雅典瓶畫年代的建立，扮演了重要角色，因為這些銘文被認定是寫於被銘記者年輕時。古希臘亦存在著讚頌女性的卡勒銘文（kale inscriptions），然其數量遠遜於卡洛斯銘文，後者與前者之比例超過二十比一；在卡勒銘文中受到頌揚的女性，可能是交際花。卡洛斯銘文大多見於西元前550年至450年間製作的古瓶。
詞彙 ：
卡洛斯銘文(P,,U,繁體中文-偏好,D,U,U)
k'a lo ssu ming wen (P,,U,韋氏拼音-偏好,UF,U,U)
kǎ luò sī míng wén (P,,U,漢語拼音-偏好,UF,U,U)
ka luo si ming wen (P,,U,漢語拼音(無聲調)-偏好,UF,U,U)
kalos inscriptions(P,,U,英文-偏好,D,U,PN)
kalos inscription(,U,英文-非偏好,AD,U,SN)
inscriptions, kalos(,U,英文-非偏好,UF,U,N)
kale inscriptions(,U,英文-非偏好,UF,U,N)
kalosinscripties(P,,U,荷蘭語-偏好,D,U,U)
k'a lo ssu ming wen (P,,U,韋氏拼音-偏好,UF,U,U)
kǎ luò sī míng wén (P,,U,漢語拼音-偏好,UF,U,U)
ka luo si ming wen (P,,U,漢語拼音(無聲調)-偏好,UF,U,U)
kalos inscriptions(P,,U,英文-偏好,D,U,PN)
kalos inscription(,U,英文-非偏好,AD,U,SN)
inscriptions, kalos(,U,英文-非偏好,UF,U,N)
kale inscriptions(,U,英文-非偏好,UF,U,N)
kalosinscripties(P,,U,荷蘭語-偏好,D,U,U)
層面/層級編碼： V.VW
層級架構：
藝術與建築詞典根目錄 ....物件層面........視覺及語言傳達............資訊形式 (層級名)................<資訊形式 (先導詞)>....................<文件類型>........................<依形式區分之文件類型>............................銘文
................................卡洛斯銘文
其他範圍註 ：
| 英文.... | Ancient Greek vase inscriptions that take the form of "so-and-so [is] kalos," kalos meaning handsome or beautiful, with an erotic connotation. Some such inscriptions are found on walls as well. The inscriptions are thought to indicate male homosexual love or a cult of celebrity, associated with pederastic courtships that were customary in ancient Greece; they probably reflect the emotions of the patron of the vessel rather than those of the vase painter. The names are usually those of teenage artistocratic Athenians. Those that can be associated with known historical figures have played a significant role in establishing the chronology of Attic vase painting, for they were presumably written when the named person was young. Kale inscriptions for women also exist but they are outnumbered by kalos inscriptions more than twenty to one; the women who are praised in these inscriptions were probably courtesans. The majority of kalos inscriptions are on vases produced between 550 and 450 BCE. |
| 荷蘭語.... | Liefdesinscripties die op sommige Oudgriekse vazen worden aangetroffen en die meestal een uiting van mannelijke homoseksuele liefde betreffen. Een kalosinscriptie heeft als vorm 'die-en-die [is] kalos," waarbij kalos mooi of knap betekent, met een erotische connotatie. De namen zijn in de regel die van aristocratische inwoners van Athene. De kalosinscripties die in verband kunnen worden gebracht met bekende historische figuren hebben een belangrijke rol gespeeld bij het vaststellen van de chronologie van Attische vaasschilderingen; ze werden namelijk vermoedelijk geschreven toen de betreffende persoon nog jong was. Voor vrouwen zijn ook kale-inscripties gevonden, maar de verhouding tussen kalos- en kale-inscripties is ruim 20 op 1; de vrouwen die in deze inscripties werden geprezen, waren waarschijnlijk courtisanes. Het merendeel van de kalosinscripties is tussen 550 en 450 v. Chr. geproduceerd. |
來源與貢獻者：
| 卡洛斯銘文............ | [AS-Academia Sinica] |
| ................. | AAT-Taiwan 借詞編輯與使用原則 (2013) |
| kalos inscriptions............ | [VP] |
| ................. | Clark, Elston and Hart, Understanding Greek Vases (2002) 100 |
| ................. | Shapiro, Epilykos Kalos (1983) |
| ................. | Beazley, Attic Black-Figure Vase-Painters (1978) 82 |
| kalos inscription............ | [VP] |
| ................. | Getty Vocabulary Program rules |
| inscriptions, kalos............ | [VP] |
| ................. | Getty Vocabulary Program rules |
| kale inscriptions............ | [VP] |
| ................. | Clark, Elston and Hart, Understanding Greek Vases (2002) 100 |
| kalosinscripties............ | [Bureau AAT] |
| ................. | AAT-Ned (1994-) |
| Subject:............ | [Bureau AAT] |
| ................. | Clark, Elston and Hart, Understanding Greek Vases (2002) 100 |
| ................. | Bureau AAT, RKD |
外部連結：
Getty AAT: 300265019
Getty AAT: http://www.getty.edu/vow/AATFullDisplay?find=costume&logic=AND¬e=&subjectid=300265019
聯合目錄： 卡洛斯銘文 、k'a lo ssu ming wen 、kǎ luò sī míng wén 、ka luo si ming wen 、kalos inscriptions 、kalos inscription 、inscriptions, kalos 、kale inscriptions 、kalosinscripties
聯合目錄： 卡洛斯銘文 、k'a lo ssu ming wen 、kǎ luò sī míng wén 、ka luo si ming wen 、kalos inscriptions 、kalos inscription 、inscriptions, kalos 、kale inscriptions 、kalosinscripties
引用：
[卡洛斯銘文 kalos inscriptions(編號300265019)]。《藝術與建築索引典》。http://aat.teldap.tw/AATFullDisplay/300265019（2024/06/24瀏覽）。