包含撞針、退殼鉤以及至少一個可於射擊時固定槍栓之凸耳的滑動閉鎖塊，在將彈藥引入膛室後旋轉並鎖住後膛機械裝置；可見於栓式槍機、自動槍機、半自動後膛式步槍、機關槍與反衝式衝鋒槍。

槍栓(P,,U,繁體中文-偏好,D,,)
ch'iang shuan (P,,U,韋氏拼音-偏好,UF,U,U)
qiāng shuān (P,,U,漢語拼音-偏好,UF,U,U)
qiang shuan (P,,U,漢語拼音(無聲調)-偏好,UF,U,U)
bolts(breechblocks)　(P,,U,英文-偏好,D,U,PN)
bolt(breechblock)　(,U,英文-非偏好,AD,U,SN)
grendels(sluitstukken)　(P,,U,荷蘭語-偏好,D,U,U)
grendel(sluitstuk)　(,U,荷蘭語-非偏好,AD,U,U)
llaves(bloques de cierre)　(P,,U,西班牙語-偏好,D,U,PN)
llave(bloque de cierre)　(,U,西班牙語-非偏好,AD,U,SN)

藝術與建築詞典根目錄
....物件層面
........組件 (層級名)
............成分
................<依特定背景區分之組件>
....................<武器組件>
........................<拋擲武器組件>
............................<槍械組件>
................................<後膛機械裝置與後膛機械裝置組件>
....................................<後膛機械裝置組件>
........................................後膛鎖
............................................槍栓

contextual thing(s) are....	機關槍
contextual thing(s) are....	栓式槍機

英文....	Sliding breechblocks incorporating a firing pin, cartridge case extractor, and one or more lugs to lock them into firing position, found in bolt action, automatic, and semiautomatic breechloading rifles, machine guns, and submachine guns with blowback action. They guide ammunition into the chamber and rotate to lock the breech mechanism.
荷蘭語....	Cilindervormige holle staven waarin een slagpin is ondergebracht. De grendel is met de hand te bewegen door middel van een doorgaans recht op het lichaam geplaatst handvat, meest eindigend in een knop.

槍栓............	[AS-Academia Sinica]
.................	智慧藏百科全書網 August 31, 2011
.................	槍械專用詞庫  June 4, 2012
bolts(breechblocks)............	[VP]
.................	Petzal, Encyclopedia of Sporting Firearms (1991) bolts
.................	Blair, Pollard's History of Firearms (1983) GLOS; bolts
.................	Quick, Weapons and Military Terms (1973) bolts
.................	Tarassuk and Blair, Complete Encyclopedia of Arms and Armor (1979) bolts
.................	Getty Vocabulary Program rules
bolt(breechblock)............	[VP]
.................	Getty Vocabulary Program rules
grendels(sluitstukken)............	[Bureau AAT]
.................	AAT-Ned (1994-)
grendel(sluitstuk)............	[Bureau AAT]
.................	AAT-Ned (1994-)
llaves(bloques de cierre)............	[CDBP-DIBAM]
.................	Comité, Plural del término en singular
llave(bloque de cierre)............	[CDBP-DIBAM]
.................	TAA database (2000-)
Subject:............	[Bureau AAT]
.................	Puype, Legermuseum Delft

Getty AAT: 300225006 Getty AAT: http://www.getty.edu/vow/AATFullDisplay?find=costume&logic=AND¬e=&subjectid=300225006
聯合目錄： 槍栓 、ch'iang shuan 、qiāng shuān 、qiang shuan 、bolts 、bolt 、grendels 、grendel 、llaves 、llave