指稱由蜜蜂從樹芽（特別是楊樹和針葉樹的樹芽）、樹液或其他植物來源所收集的樹脂混合物，與蜂蠟一同用作為隔絕蜂巢入口處的密封合成物，以避免蜂巢出現不必要的開放空間。長久以來，人類多使用蜂膠作為塗料黏結劑，用於處理木頭並上亮光（特別是製作小提琴）、鞣製皮革、製作蠟燭、化妝品，同時也可作為藥用的抗菌劑與抗真菌劑。古埃及人使用蜂膠製作木乃伊。古希臘人、亞述人、印度人使用蜂膠來協助癒合傷口及治療膿腫。蜂膠鮮少直接從樹上採集，多半是採集自蜂巢，因此蜂膠實際上也包含蜂蜜產品以及樹脂與揮發成分。

蜂膠(P,,U,繁體中文-偏好,D,,)
feng chiao(P,,U,韋氏拼音-偏好,UF,U,U)
fēng jiāo(P,,U,漢語拼音-偏好,UF,U,U)
feng jiao(P,,U,漢語拼音(無聲調)-偏好,UF,U,U)
propolis(P,,U,英文-偏好,D,U,N)
bee glue(,U,英文-非偏好,UF,U,N)
maagdenwas(P,,U,荷蘭語-偏好,D,U,U)
propóleo(P,,U,西班牙語-偏好,D,U,U)

藝術與建築詞典根目錄
....材料層面
........材料 (材料層面)
............材料
................<依來源區分之材料>
....................<生物材料>
........................植物材料
............................<改良植物材料>
................................蜂膠

藝術與建築詞典根目錄
....物件層面
........組件 (層級名)
............成分
................<依特定背景區分之組件>
....................<生物組件>
........................<植物構造>
............................蜂膠

related to....

蜂蠟

英文....	A resinous mixture from tree buds (particularly buds of poplar and cone-bearing trees), sap flows, or other botanical sources, collected by honey bees for use, with beeswax, as a barrier at the hive entrance and as a sealant for unwanted open spaces in the hive. Humans have long used it as a paint binder, to treat and varnish wood (notably violins), in tanning, making candles, cosmetics, and as a medicinal antibacterial and antifungal agent. It was used by ancient Egyptians in mummification. Ancient Greeks, Assyrians, and Indians used it for healing wounds and treating abscesses. It is rarely collected directly from the trees, but instead is collected from beehives, and thus actually contains bee products along with the resins and volatiles.
荷蘭語....	Harsachtig materiaal met een wasachtige consistentie, dat van de knoppen van bomen wordt gewonnen.
西班牙語....	Material resinoso de consistencia cerosa que se recoge en los botones de los árboles.

蜂膠............	[AS-Academia Sinica]
.................	國家教育研究院－雙語詞彙、學術名詞暨辭書資訊網 February 17, 2016
.................	經濟部智慧財產局－本國專利技術名詞中英對照查詢資料庫 February 17, 2016
propolis............	[VP]
.................	Art and Archaeology Technical Abstracts (1955-) 2:1, 111
.................	CDMARC Subjects: LCSH (1988-)
.................	Webster's Third New International Dictionary (1961)
.................	Random House Dictionary of the English Language (1987)
.................	Kumar et al, Analysis of Propolis of Indian origin (2009)
bee glue............	[VP]
.................	CDMARC Subjects: LCSH (1988-)
maagdenwas............	[Bureau AAT]
.................	AAT-Ned (1994-)
propóleo............	[CDBP-DIBAM]
.................	Moliner, Diccionario de uso del español (2004) 2:864
Subject:............	[Bureau AAT]
.................	Van Dale groot woordenboek (1994)

Getty AAT: 300213361 Getty AAT: http://www.getty.edu/vow/AATFullDisplay?find=costume&logic=AND¬e=&subjectid=300213361
聯合目錄： 蜂膠 、feng chiao 、fēng jiāo 、feng jiao 、propolis 、bee glue 、maagdenwas 、propóleo