某類藝術作品特質的通稱名詞，基於或建基於對外部世界的直接觀察進行描寫，包含或甚至特別強調瑕疵與不完美，而不是美麗或理想化的特色。雖然同一作品可能兼具現寫主義與自然主義，自然主義會對描寫主體的瑕疵或不完美加以理想化處理。至於具寫實主義特性的形式風格與時期，如古斯塔夫‧庫爾貝（Gustave Courbet）的畫作，則稱之為「寫實主義者 (現代歐洲純藝術風格)」。

寫實主義(表達形式)　(P,,U,繁體中文-偏好,D,U,U)
現實主義(表達形式)　(,U,繁體中文-非偏好,AD,U,U)
hsieh shih chu i(P,,U,韋氏拼音-偏好,UF,U,U)
xiě shí zhǔ yì(P,,U,漢語拼音-偏好,UF,U,U)
xie shi zhu yi(P,,U,漢語拼音(無聲調)-偏好,UF,U,U)
realism(artistic form of expression)　(P,,U,英文-偏好,D,U,N)
realistic(,U,英文-非偏好,AD,U,N)
realist(artistic forms of expression)　(,U,英文-非偏好,UF,U,N)
naturalism(realism)　(,U,英文-非偏好,UF,U,N)
realisme(P,,U,荷蘭語-偏好,D,U,U)
realismo(P,,U,西班牙語-偏好,D,U,U)

藝術與建築詞典根目錄
....關聯概念層面
........關聯概念
............<藝術概念>
................<藝術性概念>
....................<表達形式>
........................寫實主義 (表達形式)

distinguished from....	寫實主義(歐洲藝術風格)
distinguished from....	自然主義

英文....	General term for a quality of art works in which the depiction is based on or seems to be based on the direct observation of the external world, including or even emphasizing flaws and imperfections rather than the beauty or idealized characteristics. Although a work may be both realistic and naturalistic, naturalism may somewhat idealize the flaws or ugliness of the subject depicted. For the formal style and period displaying the general characteristics of realism, such as in the painting of Gustave Courbet, use "Realist (modern European fine arts styles)."
荷蘭語....	In het algemeen, aandacht voor feit en realiteit en verwerping van het onpraktische en visionaire. Gebruik het met betrekking tot kunst en literatuur voor de benadering die nadruk legt op de beschrijving van dingen zoals ze werkelijk zijn of hoe ze voorkomen.
西班牙語....	Generalmente, preocupado por hechos y realidad y rechazando lo impráctivo y visionario. En referencia al arte y literatura, úsese para el acercamiento que enfatiza la representación de cosas como aparecen u ocurren.

寫實主義(表達形式)............	[AS-Academia Sinica]
.................	藝術名詞與技法辭典 p. 375
.................	雄獅西洋美術辭典 p. 701
.................	智慧藏百科全書網 August 26, 2011
.................	大英百科全書線上繁體中文版 August 26, 2011
.................	大英視覺藝術百科全書 Vol. 9,pp. 189
現實主義(表達形式)............	[AS-Academia Sinica]
.................	朗文當代大辭典 p. 1447
.................	國立編譯館學術名詞資訊網 October 26, 2011
.................	牛津當代大辭典 p. 1534
.................	建築學英漢辭典 p. 350
hsieh shih chu i............	[AS-Academia Sinica]
.................	TELDAP database (2009-)
xiě shí zhǔ yì............	[AS-Academia Sinica]
.................	TELDAP database (2009-)
xie shi zhu yi............	[AS-Academia Sinica]
.................	TELDAP database (2009-)
realism(artistic form of expression)............	[VP]
.................	CDMARC Subjects: LCSH (1988-)
.................	Mayer, Dictionary of Art Terms and Techniques (1969)
.................	Murray, Dictionary of Art and Artists (1971)
.................	Oxford Companion to Art (1984) 954
.................	BHA Subject Headings (1985-)
realistic............	[VP]
.................	Oxford Companion to Western Art [online] (2008-)
realist(artistic forms of expression)............	[VP]
.................	Gardner's Art Through the Ages (1986) 836; realist
naturalism(realism)............	[VP]
.................	Osborne, Aesthetics and Art Theory (1968) Naturalism
.................	Barasch, Theories of Art (1985) 317; Naturalism
.................	CDMARC Subjects: LCSH (1988-) Naturalism
.................	RILA, Subject Headings (1975-1990) Naturalism
.................	Oxford Companion to Western Art [online] (2008-)
realisme............	[Bureau AAT]
.................	AAT-Ned (1994-)
realismo............	[CDBP-DIBAM]
.................	Lucie-Smith, Diccionario de Términos de Arte (1997)
Subject:............	[AS-Academia Sinica]
.................	CDMARC Subjects: LCSH (1988-) precoor.; Realism in art
.................	Van Dale Engels-Nederlands (1989)

Getty AAT: 300056550 Getty AAT: http://www.getty.edu/vow/AATFullDisplay?find=costume&logic=AND¬e=&subjectid=300056550
聯合目錄： 寫實主義 、現實主義 、hsieh shih chu i 、xiě shí zhǔ yì 、xie shi zhu yi 、realism 、realistic 、realist 、naturalism 、realisme 、realismo