一種紅色的天然有機染料，由一種原生於墨西哥、加那利群島以及中、南美洲的胭脂蟲之雌性介殼蟲體所製成。胭脂紅染料曾被中美洲與北美洲的阿茲特克人與馬雅人所使用，在1518年被西班牙人所採用。胭脂紅早在1540年便傳入歐洲，並且迅速取代胭脂紅（kermes）而成為主要的紅色染料，直到大約1870年才被苯胺染料所取代。要萃取這種染料，首先要將成熟的雌蟲從仙人掌上刷取下來並加以乾燥，再利用水或酒精萃取出蟲體的色素。胭脂紅的成分包含大約10％的胭脂蟲酸、2％的胭脂蟲蠟，以及10％的脂肪：胭脂紅染料的深紅色來自胭脂紅酸。胭脂紅可製作透明的色澱顏料，此色澱顏料的耐光性差、在強光中會褪色。胭脂紅亦可用於醫療上作為鎮痙劑。

臙脂蟲(P,,U,繁體中文-偏好,D,U,U)
胭脂紅(雌性介殼蟲體製成之紅色天然染料)　(,U,繁體中文-非偏好,UF,U,U)
胭脂蟲紅(雌性介殼蟲體製成之紅色天然染料)　(,U,繁體中文-非偏好,UF,U,U)
yan chih ch'ung (P,,U,韋氏拼音-偏好,UF,U,U)
yān zhī chóng (P,,U,漢語拼音-偏好,UF,U,U)
yan zhi chong (P,,U,漢語拼音(無聲調)-偏好,UF,U,U)
cochineal(colorant)　(P,,U,英文-偏好,D,U,N)
Cochenille(P,,U,German-偏好,D,U,N)
Koschenille(,U,German-非偏好,UF,U,N)
Nopalschildlaus(,U,German-非偏好,UF,U,N)
cochenille(P,,U,荷蘭語-偏好,D,U,U)
cochenille(P,,U,法語-偏好,D,U,U)
cocciniglia(P,,U,Italian-偏好,D,U,N)
kogchinili(P,,U,Greek-偏好,D,U,U)
cochonilha(P,,U,Portuguese-偏好,D,U,U)
cochinilha(,U,Portuguese-非偏好,UF,U,U)
cochinilla(P,,U,西班牙語-偏好,D,U,N)
zacatillo(,U,西班牙語-非偏好,UF,U,N)
grana cochinilla(,U,西班牙語-非偏好,UF,U,N)

藝術與建築詞典根目錄
....材料層面
........材料 (材料層面)
............材料
................<依功能區分之材料>
....................著色劑 (材料)
........................<染料或顏料之著色劑>
............................臙脂蟲

藝術與建築詞典根目錄
....材料層面
........材料 (材料層面)
............材料
................<依功能區分之材料>
....................著色劑 (材料)
........................色料
............................<依製作方式區分之顏料>
................................色澱
....................................臙脂蟲

constituent part for....	洋紅(色澱)
derived from....	胭脂蟲(種)

英文....	A red natural organic dye prepared from the bodies of the female scale insect, Dactylopius coccus, native to Mexico, the Canary Islands, and Central and South America. Cochineal dye was used by the Aztec and Maya peoples of Central and North America, adopted by the Spanish by 1518. Cochineal was imported to Europe as early as 1540 where it quickly replaced kermes as the primary red dyestuff, until it was replaced by aniline dyes about 1870. To extract the dye, mature females are brushed from the cacti and dried; the pigments are extracted from the dried bodies using water or alcohol. The substance contains about 10% carminic acid, 2% coccerin wax, and 10% fat: the crimson color of cochineal dye is attributed to cochinealin or carminic acid. Cochineal produces a transparent lake pigment that has poor lightfastness and fades in strong sunlight. Cochineal is also used in medicine as an antispasmodic.
荷蘭語....	Een rode, natuurlijke organische kleurstof die ook wordt gebruikt als substraatpigment, verkregen uit de lichamen van de vrouwelijke schildluis Dactylopius coccus Costa (voorheen de coccus Cacti). Het belangrijkste kleurcomponent is karmijn.
西班牙語....	Colorante orgánico natural rojo utilizado como pigmento para laca y preparado a partir del cuerpo del insecto coco hembra, Dactylopius coccus Costa (antes Coccus cacti). Es el principal componente colorante del carmín.

臙脂蟲............	[AS-Academia Sinica]
.................	藝術名詞與技法辭典  101
.................	英漢藝術詞典 75
.................	化學名詞辭典 43
胭脂紅(雌性介殼蟲體製成之紅色天然染料)............	[AS-Academia Sinica]
.................	牛津當代大辭典 330
.................	英漢藝術詞典  75
胭脂蟲紅(雌性介殼蟲體製成之紅色天然染料)............	[AS-Academia Sinica]
.................	國家教育研究院－雙語詞彙、學術名詞暨辭書資訊網 April 16, 2021
cochineal(colorant)............	[VP]
.................	Feller, Artists' Pigments (1986) 255
.................	Harley, Artists' Pigments c.1600-1835 (1982) 136
.................	Gettens and Stout, Painting Materials (1966) 110
.................	CDMARC Subjects: LCSH (1988-)
.................	Mayer, Dictionary of Art Terms and Techniques (1969) 82
.................	Brady and Clauser, Materials Handbook (1986)
.................	Rodee, Old Navajo Rugs (1981) 3
.................	Mackie and Thompson, Turkmen (1980) 220
.................	Personal Communication Elisabeth West Fitzhugh, Conservation scientist, ret., December 1991.
.................	MFA Conservation and Art Material Encyclopedia Online (2005-)
.................	AATA database (1995-) 122009 checked 26 January 2012
Cochenille............	[VP]
.................	Feller, Artists' Pigments (1986) 255, FRA; 255, DEU
Koschenille............	[VP]
.................	Feller, Artists' Pigments (1986) 255, DEU
Nopalschildlaus............	[VP]
.................	Feller, Artists' Pigments (1986) 255, DEU
cochenille............	[VP]
.................	MFA Conservation and Art Material Encyclopedia Online (2005-)
.................	AAT-Ned (1994-)
cocciniglia............	[VP]
.................	Feller, Artists' Pigments (1986) 255, ITA
.................	MFA Conservation and Art Material Encyclopedia Online (2005-)
kogchinili............	[VP]
.................	MFA Conservation and Art Material Encyclopedia Online (2005-)
cochonilha............	[VP]
.................	MFA Conservation and Art Material Encyclopedia Online (2005-)
cochinilha............	[VP]
.................	MFA Conservation and Art Material Encyclopedia Online (2005-)
cochinilla............	[VP]
.................	Feller, Artists' Pigments (1986) 255, ESP
.................	Diccionario de Química y de productos químicos (1993) 1101
.................	Brookfield, La escritura (1994) 29
zacatillo............	[VP]
.................	Feller, Artists' Pigments (1986) 255, ESP
grana cochinilla............	[VP]
.................	Feller, Artists' Pigments (1986) 255, ESP
Subject:............	[Bureau AAT]
.................	AATA database (1995-) 122009 checked 26 January 2012
.................	Van Dale Engels-Nederlands (1989)

Getty AAT: 300013597 Getty AAT: http://www.getty.edu/vow/AATFullDisplay?find=costume&logic=AND¬e=&subjectid=300013597
聯合目錄： 臙脂蟲 、胭脂紅 、胭脂蟲紅 、yan chih ch'ung 、yān zhī chóng 、yan zhi chong 、cochineal 、Cochenille 、Koschenille 、Nopalschildlaus 、cochenille 、cochenille 、cocciniglia 、kogchinili 、cochonilha 、cochinilha 、cochinilla 、zacatillo 、grana cochinilla