AAT-Taiwan 藝術與建築索引典

狀態：NP(TV) 編號：300013369 詞彙類型：概念

凡戴克棕(顏料) Van Dyck brown(pigment)

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範圍註：

一種天然產生的深棕土顏料，以有機腐殖質、泥炭或煤等材料混合氧化鐵、矽石和礬土而成。若經點燃，此顏料會產生軟性灰色殘渣。本著色劑暴露在強光下會褪色。范戴克棕首用於十七世紀，早期源自德國的科隆（Cologne）及卡塞爾（Kassel）地區，它們因此也成為此顏料的兩個別名。之後許多地方都開採此類棕土，但每種在顏色及成分上都有些微不同。更加複雜的是，有些標為「范戴克棕」的顏料為瀝青製成，其它則為碳黑和氧化鐵混合的合成物，此類合成混合物請稱「合成范戴克棕」。

詞彙：

凡戴克棕(顏料)　(P,,U,繁體中文-偏好,D,,)
卡塞爾土(,U,繁體中文-非偏好,UF,U,U)
科隆土(,U,繁體中文-非偏好,UF,U,U)
魯本斯棕(,U,繁體中文-非偏好,UF,U,U)
fan tai k'o tsung (P,,U,韋氏拼音-偏好,UF,U,U)
fán dài kè zōng (P,,U,漢語拼音-偏好,UF,U,U)
fan dai ke zong (P,,U,漢語拼音(無聲調)-偏好,UF,U,U)
Van Dyck brown(pigment)　(P,,U,英文-偏好,D,U,N)
Van Dyke brown(pigment)　(,U,英文-非偏好,UF,U,N)
Vandyke brown(pigment)　(,U,英文-非偏好,UF,U,N)
Cassel brown(pigment)　(,U,英文-非偏好,UF,U,N)
Cassel earth(,U,英文-非偏好,UF,U,N)
Kassel earth(,U,英文-非偏好,UF,U,N)
Castle earth(,U,英文-非偏好,UF,U,N)
Cassler umbra(,U,英文-非偏好,UF,U,N)
Cologne earth(,U,英文-非偏好,UF,U,N)
bituminous earth(pigment)　(,U,英文-非偏好,UF,U,N)
humic earth(,U,英文-非偏好,UF,U,N)
humic-earth pigment(,U,英文-非偏好,UF,U,N)
Cullens earth(,U,英文-非偏好,UF,U,N)
earth of cullen(,U,英文-非偏好,UF,U,N)
Colens earth(,U,英文-非偏好,UF,U,N)
Collens earth(,U,英文-非偏好,UF,U,N)
terra di Colonia(,U,英文-非偏好,UF,U,N)
moreno de Van Dyck(,U,英文-非偏好,UF,U,N)
moreno de Van Dyck(,U,西班牙語-非偏好,UF,U,N)
Kasslerbraun(,U,英文-非偏好,UF,U,N)
Kasslerbraun(,U,German-非偏好,UF,U,N)
Van Dyck Braun(P,,U,German-偏好,D,U,N)
grijsbruin(P,,U,荷蘭語-偏好,D,U,U)
terre de Cassel(P,,U,法語-偏好,D,U,N)
brun Vandyck(,U,法語-非偏好,UF,U,N)
terra di Cassel(P,,U,Italian-偏好,D,U,N)
terre di Cassel(,U,Italian-非偏好,UF,U,N)
tierra de Cassel(P,,U,西班牙語-偏好,D,U,N)
pardo Van Dyke(,U,西班牙語-非偏好,AD,U,U)
carmelita Van Dyck(,U,西班牙語-非偏好,UF,U,N)

層面/層級編碼： M.MT

層級架構：

藝術與建築詞典根目錄

....材料層面

........材料 (材料層面)

............材料

................<依功能區分之材料>

....................著色劑 (材料)

........................色料

............................<依顏色區分之顏料>

................................褐色色料

....................................有機棕色顏料

........................................凡戴克棕 (顏料)

其他範圍註：

英文....

A naturally occurring dark brown earth pigment containing organic humus, peat, or coal material mixed with iron oxides, alumina and silica. When ignited, the pigment leaves a soft gray residue. The colorant is fugitive and fades on exposure to strong light. The pigment was first used in the 17th century; early sources were from the Cologne and Kassel regions of Germany, thus the alternate pigment names. The brown earth has since been obtained from various localities each of which may differ slightly in color and composition. To add to this confusion some pigments labeled "Van Dyck brown" were bituminous while others were synthetically made from from carbon black and iron oxide mixtures. For these synthetic mixtures, use "synthetic Van Dyck brown."

來源與貢獻者：

凡戴克棕(顏料)............	[AS-Academia Sinica]
.................	藝術名詞與技法辭典 477
卡塞爾土............	[AS-Academia Sinica]
.................	藝術名詞與技法辭典 84
科隆土............	[AS-Academia Sinica]
.................	藝術名詞與技法辭典 103
魯本斯棕............	[AS-Academia Sinica]
.................	藝術名詞與技法辭典 394
Van Dyck brown(pigment)............	[VP]
.................	Wehlte, Materials and Techniques of Painting (1982) 117
Van Dyke brown(pigment)............	[VP]
.................	Mayer, Dictionary of Art Terms and Techniques (1969) 414
.................	Saitzyk, Art Hardware (1987) 170
Vandyke brown(pigment)............	[VP]
.................	Fitzhugh, ed., Artists Pigments, vol.3 (unpub.)
.................	Saitzyk, Art Hardware (1987) 170
.................	Personal Communication Elisabeth West Fitzhugh, Conservation scientist, ret., December 1991.
.................	MFA Conservation and Art Material Encyclopedia Online (2005-) accessed 5 January 2009
Cassel brown(pigment)............	[VP]
.................	MFA Conservation and Art Material Encyclopedia Online (2005-) accessed 5 January 2009
Cassel earth............	[VP]
.................	Fitzhugh, ed., Artists Pigments, vol.3 (unpub.)
.................	Wehlte, Materials and Techniques of Painting (1982) 117
Kassel earth............	[VP]
.................	MFA Conservation and Art Material Encyclopedia Online (2005-)
Castle earth............	[VP]
.................	MFA Conservation and Art Material Encyclopedia Online (2005-)
Cassler umbra............	[VP]
.................	Fitzhugh, ed., Artists Pigments, vol.3 (unpub.)
Cologne earth............	[VP]
.................	Fitzhugh, ed., Artists Pigments, vol.3 (unpub.)
.................	Wehlte, Materials and Techniques of Painting (1982) 117
bituminous earth(pigment)............	[VP]
.................	Wehlte, Materials and Techniques of Painting (1982) 117
humic earth............	[VP]
.................	Personal Communication Elisabeth West Fitzhugh, Conservation scientist, ret., December 1991.
humic-earth pigment............	[VP]
.................	Fitzhugh, ed., Artists Pigments, vol.3 (unpub.)
Cullens earth............	[VP]
.................	Fitzhugh, ed., Artists Pigments, vol.3 (unpub.)
earth of cullen............	[VP]
.................	Personal Communication Joyce Zucker, Paintings Conservator, NY State Bureau of Historic Sites, January 1989.
Colens earth............	[VP]
.................	MFA Conservation and Art Material Encyclopedia Online (2005-)
Collens earth............	[VP]
.................	Fitzhugh, ed., Artists Pigments, vol.3 (unpub.)
terra di Colonia............	[VP]
.................	Fitzhugh, ed., Artists Pigments, vol.3 (unpub.) ITA
moreno de Van Dyck............	[VP]
.................	Fitzhugh, ed., Artists Pigments, vol.3 (unpub.) ESP
Kasslerbraun............	[VP]
.................	Fitzhugh, ed., Artists Pigments, vol.3 (unpub.) DEU
.................	Wehlte, Materials and Techniques of Painting (1982) 117
Van Dyck Braun............	[VP]
.................	Fitzhugh, ed., Artists Pigments, vol.3 (unpub.) DEU
grijsbruin............	[Bureau AAT]
.................	AAT-Ned (1994-)
terre de Cassel............	[VP]
.................	Fitzhugh, ed., Artists Pigments, vol.3 (unpub.) FRA
.................	Wehlte, Materials and Techniques of Painting (1982) 117
brun Vandyck............	[VP]
.................	Fitzhugh, ed., Artists Pigments, vol.3 (unpub.) FRA
terra di Cassel............	[VP]
.................	Fitzhugh, ed., Artists Pigments, vol.3 (unpub.) ITA
terre di Cassel............	[VP]
.................	Personal Communication Elisabeth West Fitzhugh, Conservation scientist, ret., December 1991.
tierra de Cassel............	[VP]
.................	Fitzhugh, ed., Artists Pigments, vol.3 (unpub.) ESP
pardo Van Dyke............	[CDBP-DIBAM]
.................	Mayer, Materiales y técnicas del arte, 1985 55 - 143
carmelita Van Dyck............	[VP]
.................	Fitzhugh, ed., Artists Pigments, vol.3 (unpub.) ESP
Subject:............	[Bureau AAT]
.................	Van Dale Engels-Nederlands (1989)

外部連結：

Getty AAT: 300013369 Getty AAT: http://www.getty.edu/vow/AATFullDisplay?find=costume&logic=AND¬e=&subjectid=300013369
聯合目錄：凡戴克棕、卡塞爾土、科隆土、魯本斯棕、fan tai k'o tsung 、fán dài kè zōng 、fan dai ke zong 、Van Dyck brown 、Van Dyke brown 、Vandyke brown 、Cassel brown 、Cassel earth 、Kassel earth 、Castle earth 、Cassler umbra 、Cologne earth 、bituminous earth 、humic earth 、humic-earth pigment 、Cullens earth 、earth of cullen 、Colens earth 、Collens earth 、terra di Colonia 、moreno de Van Dyck 、Kasslerbraun 、Kasslerbraun 、Van Dyck Braun 、grijsbruin 、terre de Cassel 、brun Vandyck 、terra di Cassel 、terre di Cassel 、moreno de Van Dyck 、tierra de Cassel 、pardo Van Dyke 、carmelita Van Dyck

引用：

[凡戴克棕(顏料) Van Dyck brown(pigment)(編號300013369)]。《藝術與建築索引典》。http://aat.teldap.tw/AATFullDisplay/300013369（2024/11/23瀏覽）。