AAT-Taiwan 藝術與建築索引典

狀態：NP(TV) 編號：300012966 詞彙類型：概念

瀝青(煙煤材料) asphalt(bituminous material)

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範圍註：

於自然沉積物中所發現的深棕黑色瀝青樹酯，或是石油精煉的副產物。其稠度可為黏稠液體，乃至玻質固體等多元形式。瀝青由脂族、脂環族及多環芳香烴所組成，可溶於油與蠟，並依據不同種類瀝青的硬度，可作為塑化劑或強化劑使用。天然瀝青被認為是在有機海洋沉積物分解為石油的初期所形成的，其特徵為含有礦物質，而殘積的石油瀝青則不含礦物質。自西元前三世紀起，瀝青一直被用於防水、鋪路、屋頂塗層、接縫密封與作為砂質土壤的防水層。古代瀝青主要來源為埃及、死海的北端、巴比倫西北部的依斯河流域以及希臘桑特島地區。

詞彙：

瀝青(煙煤材料)　(P,,U,繁體中文-偏好,D,,)
柏油(煙煤材料)　(,U,繁體中文-非偏好,UF,U,U)
li ch'ing (P,,U,韋氏拼音-偏好,UF,U,U)
lì qīng (P,,U,漢語拼音-偏好,UF,U,U)
li qing (P,,U,漢語拼音(無聲調)-偏好,UF,U,U)
asphalt(bituminous material)　(P,,U,英文-偏好,D,U,N)
pitch(asphalt)　(,U,英文-非偏好,UF,U,N)
Asphalt(bituminöse Material)　(P,,U,German-偏好,D,U,U)
asfalt(P,,U,荷蘭語-偏好,D,U,U)
asfalt(P,,U,Swedish-偏好,D,U,U)
asfalt(P,,U,Polish-偏好,D,U,U)
asphalte(material)　(P,,U,法語-偏好,UF,U,N)
asfalto(bituminous)　(P,,U,Italian-偏好,D,U,U)
asfalto(bituminous)　(P,,U,Portuguese-偏好,D,U,U)
asfalto(material bituminoso)　(P,,U,西班牙語-偏好,D,U,U)

層面/層級編碼： M.MT

層級架構：

藝術與建築詞典根目錄

....材料層面

........材料 (材料層面)

............材料

................<依成分區分之材料>

....................有機材料

........................瀝青材料

............................<天然瀝青材料>

................................瀝青 (天然瀝青)

....................................瀝青 (煙煤材料)

其他範圍註：

英文....

The dark, brownish-black bituminous resin that is found in natural deposits or is produced as a byproduct of oil refineries. It has consistencies varying from viscous liquid to glassy solid. It is composed of aliphatic, alicyclic, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. It is soluble in oils and waxes and can act as a plasticizer or a strengthener, depending on the hardness of the variety. Natural asphalt, which is believed to have been formed during an early stage in the breakdown of organic marine deposits into petroleum, characteristically contains minerals, while residual petroleum asphalt does not. Asphalt has been used since the 3rd millennium BCE for waterproofing; it is also used for road paving, roof coating, joint sealing, and a waterproof barrier in sandy soils. Ancient sources for asphalt were Egypt, the north end of the Dead Sea, the Is river northwest of Babylon, and the Greek island of Zante.

來源與貢獻者：

瀝青(煙煤材料)............	[AS-Academia Sinica]
.................	朗文當代大辭典 82
.................	藝術名詞與技法辭典 31
.................	國家教育研究院－雙語詞彙、學術名詞暨辭書資訊網 September 30, 2011
.................	智慧藏百科全書網 September 30, 2011
.................	朗文英漢雙解科技大辭典 101
.................	大英百科全書線上繁體中文版 September 30, 2011
.................	玻璃陶瓷名詞辭典 16
.................	化學名詞辭典 17
柏油(煙煤材料)............	[AS-Academia Sinica]
.................	朗文當代大辭典 82
.................	藝術名詞與技法辭典 31
.................	國家教育研究院－雙語詞彙、學術名詞暨辭書資訊網 September 30, 2011
.................	智慧藏百科全書網 September 30, 2011
asphalt(bituminous material)............	[VP]
.................	Dictionary of Geological Terms (1984) 30
.................	Morrow, Dictionary of Landscape Architecture (1987) 17
.................	CDMARC Subjects: LCSH (1988-)
.................	Mayer, Dictionary of Art Terms and Techniques (1969)
.................	RIBA, Architectural Keywords (1982)
.................	Mills and White, Organic Chemistry of Museum Objects (1987) 49
.................	Avery Index (1963-) (source AAT) - subhead.
.................	MFA Conservation and Art Material Encyclopedia Online (2005-)
pitch(asphalt)............	[VP]
.................	Dictionary of Geological Terms (1984) 30; pitch
.................	Getty Vocabulary Program rules 30
Asphalt(bituminöse Material)............	[VP]
.................	MFA Conservation and Art Material Encyclopedia Online (2005-)
asfalt............	[VP]
.................	MFA Conservation and Art Material Encyclopedia Online (2005-)
.................	AAT-Ned (1994-)
asphalte(material)............	[VP]
.................	BHA, Authority file (2003-) accessed 16 March 2005
.................	MFA Conservation and Art Material Encyclopedia Online (2005-)
asfalto(bituminous)............	[VP]
.................	MFA Conservation and Art Material Encyclopedia Online (2005-)
.................	Putnam y Carlson, Diccionario de Arquitectura, Construcción y Obras Públicas (1998) 56
.................	Diccionario de términos científicos y técnicos (1981) 5:2206
Subject:............	[Bureau AAT]
.................	Van Dale Engels-Nederlands (1989)

外部連結：

Getty AAT: 300012966 Getty AAT: http://www.getty.edu/vow/AATFullDisplay?find=costume&logic=AND¬e=&subjectid=300012966
聯合目錄：瀝青、柏油、li ch'ing 、lì qīng 、li qing 、asphalt 、pitch 、Asphalt 、asfalt 、asphalte 、asfalto 、asfalt 、asfalt 、asfalto 、asfalto

引用：

[瀝青(煙煤材料) asphalt(bituminous material)(編號300012966)]。《藝術與建築索引典》。http://aat.teldap.tw/AATFullDisplay/300012966（2024/11/23瀏覽）。