淡黃色的天然松香，來自原生於澳洲的柏松屬樹木，以及原生於非洲北部的非洲香松樹，儘管有時也稱為「杜松膠」，但是山達脂並非來自真正的檜屬杜松（見「杜松脂」）。滴狀的山達脂亦稱為「山達脂淚」，會因為氧化而變得質硬且脆，表面更會呈現白色粉末狀。此物質可形成澄清、堅硬的薄膜，顏色會隨著時間而漸漸變深變紅。山達脂製成的醇溶清漆可快速乾燥，曾被用來潤飾畫作、作為保護及裝飾塗層，也可作為繪畫顏料的展色劑。

山達脂(樹脂)　(P,,U,繁體中文-偏好,D,,)
山達樹脂(,U,繁體中文-非偏好,UF,U,U)
shan ta chih (P,,U,韋氏拼音-偏好,UF,U,U)
shān dá zhī (P,,U,漢語拼音-偏好,UF,U,U)
shan da zhi (P,,U,漢語拼音(無聲調)-偏好,UF,U,U)
sandarac(resin)　(P,,U,英文-偏好,D,U,N)
sandarac(resina)　(P,,U,西班牙語-偏好,D,U,U)
sandarach(resin)　(,U,英文-非偏好,UF,U,N)
sandaraca(resin)　(,U,英文-非偏好,UF,U,N)
sandarack(resin)　(,U,英文-非偏好,UF,U,N)
gum juniper(sandarac)　(,U,英文-非偏好,UF,U,U)
sandrak(hars)　(P,,U,荷蘭語-偏好,D,U,U)
sandáraca(resina)　(,U,西班牙語-非偏好,AD,U,U)

藝術與建築詞典根目錄
....材料層面
........材料 (材料層面)
............材料
................<依成分區分之材料>
....................有機材料
........................樹脂
............................山達脂 (樹脂)

distinguished from....	杜松脂
distinguished from....	雄黃 (顏料)
derived from....	非洲香松樹(種)
derived from....	柏松屬(屬)

英文....	A pale yellow natural resin from the Callitris genus that is native to Australia and from the species Tetraclinis articulata that native to northern Africa. Although sometimes called "gum juniper," sandarac is not derived from true junipers of genus Juniperus (see "juniper resin"). Drops of resin, "sandarac tears," are hard and brittle with a white powdery surface due to oxidation, the substance forms a clear, hard film that becomes darker and redder with age. Sandarac spirit varnishes dry quickly and have been used for retouching, making protective and decorative coatings, and as an artists' paint vehicle.
荷蘭語....	Een harde, broze hars van de Callitris quadrivalvis, een conifeer; wordt veel gebruikt voor het maken van beschermende en decoratieve deklagen en als bindmiddel in olieverf.
西班牙語....	Resina dura y brillante del Callitris quadrivalis o alerce. Se utiliza ampliamente para revestimientos protectores y decorativos y como vehículo para pintura de artistas.

山達脂(樹脂)............	[AS-Academia Sinica]
.................	藝術名詞與技法辭典 399
.................	國家教育研究院－雙語詞彙、學術名詞暨辭書資訊網 December 18, 2009
.................	牛津當代大辭典 1646
sandarac(resin)............	[VP]
.................	Mayer, Artist's Handbook of Materials and Techniques (1981)
.................	Brady and Clauser, Materials Handbook (1977) 673
.................	Newman, Defensible Space (1972)
.................	Webster's Third New International Dictionary (1961) Sandarac
.................	MFA Conservation and Art Material Encyclopedia Online (2005-) accessed 29 January 2009
.................	Oxford English Dictionary Online (2002-) accessed 29 January 2009
.................	Diccionario de términos científicos y técnicos (1981) 5:2703
.................	Encyclopedia Britannica Online (2002-) accessed 29 January 2009
sandarach(resin)............	[VP]
.................	Fitzhugh, ed., Artists Pigments, vol.3 (unpub.)
.................	Encyclopedia Britannica Online (2002-)
sandaraca(resin)............	[VP]
.................	Fitzhugh, ed., Artists Pigments, vol.3 (unpub.)
.................	Mayer, Dictionary of Art Terms and Techniques (1969) 322
.................	MFA Conservation and Art Material Encyclopedia Online (2005-)
sandarack(resin)............	[VP]
.................	Gettens and Stout, Painting Materials (1966) Sandarack
.................	Getty Vocabulary Program rules
gum juniper(sandarac)............	[VP]
.................	MFA Conservation and Art Material Encyclopedia Online (2005-)
.................	Oxford English Dictionary Online (2002-)
sandrak(hars)............	[VP]
.................	AAT-Ned (1994-)
sandáraca(resina)............	[VP]
.................	Diccionario de términos científicos y técnicos (1981) 5:2703
Subject:............	[Bureau AAT]
.................	Polytechnisch woordenboek En-Ne (1991)

Getty AAT: 300012954 Getty AAT: http://www.getty.edu/vow/AATFullDisplay?find=costume&logic=AND¬e=&subjectid=300012954
聯合目錄： 山達脂 、山達樹脂 、shan ta chih 、shān dá zhī 、shan da zhi 、sandarac 、sandarach 、sandaraca 、sandarack 、gum juniper 、sandrak 、sandarac 、sandáraca