琥珀(化石樹脂) amber(fossil resin)
範圍註 ：
一種呈黃色、質硬、似玻璃的半透明化石樹脂，發現於波羅的海海岸最大的幾處礦床，年代可追溯至四千萬到六千萬年以前，琥珀種類以發現地點區分。琥珀為氧化和聚合樹脂酸及樹脂醇所構成之複雜混合物，自舊石器時代即開始掘採收集。琥珀易於雕刻，過去常以保留天然形態的方式加工製成首飾、珠串、護身寶物及小型器皿，也可做為油漆成分，若將融化之琥珀在琥珀油、松節油或乾性油中分解，可製成深色油和琥珀清漆；與布料摩擦會產生電荷。琥珀之所以具價值，也是因為內部可能保存極古老的昆蟲或植物標本。
詞彙 ：
琥珀(化石樹脂) (P,,U,繁體中文-偏好,D,U,U)
hu p'o(P,,U,韋氏拼音-偏好,UF,U,U)
hǔ pò(P,,U,漢語拼音-偏好,UF,U,U)
hu po(P,,U,漢語拼音(無聲調)-偏好,UF,U,U)
amber(fossil resin) (P,,U,英文-偏好,D,U,N)
amber(fossiele hars) (P,,U,荷蘭語-偏好,D,U,U)
Bernstein(P,,U,German-偏好,D,U,N)
barnsteen(,U,荷蘭語-非偏好,UF,U,N)
ambre(résine fossile) (P,,U,法語-偏好,D,U,N)
ambra(resina fossile) (P,,U,Italian-偏好,D,U,N)
rav(P,,U,Danish-偏好,D,U,N)
rav(P,,U,Norwegian, New (Nynorsk)-偏好,D,U,N)
bärnsten(P,,U,Swedish-偏好,D,U,N)
âmbar(resina fóssil) (P,,U,Portuguese-偏好,D,U,N)
ámbar(resina fósil) (P,,U,西班牙語-偏好,D,U,U)
hu p'o(P,,U,韋氏拼音-偏好,UF,U,U)
hǔ pò(P,,U,漢語拼音-偏好,UF,U,U)
hu po(P,,U,漢語拼音(無聲調)-偏好,UF,U,U)
amber(fossil resin) (P,,U,英文-偏好,D,U,N)
amber(fossiele hars) (P,,U,荷蘭語-偏好,D,U,U)
Bernstein(P,,U,German-偏好,D,U,N)
barnsteen(,U,荷蘭語-非偏好,UF,U,N)
ambre(résine fossile) (P,,U,法語-偏好,D,U,N)
ambra(resina fossile) (P,,U,Italian-偏好,D,U,N)
rav(P,,U,Danish-偏好,D,U,N)
rav(P,,U,Norwegian, New (Nynorsk)-偏好,D,U,N)
bärnsten(P,,U,Swedish-偏好,D,U,N)
âmbar(resina fóssil) (P,,U,Portuguese-偏好,D,U,N)
ámbar(resina fósil) (P,,U,西班牙語-偏好,D,U,U)
層面/層級編碼： M.MT
層級架構：
藝術與建築詞典根目錄 ....材料層面........材料 (材料層面)............材料................<依成分區分之材料>....................有機材料........................樹脂............................化石樹脂
................................琥珀 (化石樹脂)
其他範圍註 ：
| 英文.... | A yellowish, hard, glassy, translucent fossil tree resin found in largest deposits on the Baltic coast and dating 40-60 million years old. Types of amber are classified by location. Amber is composed of complex mixtures of oxidized and polymerized resin acids and resin alcohols. It has been gathered or mined since Paleolithic times. It is easy to carve and was often used in its natural state for jewelry, beads, amulets, and small vessels. It was also used as an ingredient in paint; dark color oil and amber varnishes are made by dissolving melted amber in amber oil, turpentine oil, or a drying oil. It develops an electrical charge when rubbed with a cloth. It is also valued because very ancient insects and plants may be preserved in the amber. |
來源與貢獻者：
| 琥珀(化石樹脂)............ | [AS-Academia Sinica] |
| ................. | 朗文當代大辭典 p. 45 |
| ................. | 藝術名詞與技法辭典 p. 19 |
| ................. | 國立編譯館學術名詞資訊網 January 29, 2010 |
| ................. | 智慧藏百科全書網 September 23, 2011 |
| ................. | 牛津當代大辭典 p. 49 |
| ................. | 輔仁服飾辭典 p. 11 |
| ................. | 朗文英漢雙解科技大辭典 p. 53 |
| ................. | 大英百科全書線上繁體中文版 September 23, 2011 |
| ................. | 岩石與礦物圖鑑 p. 246 |
| ................. | 寶石圖鑑 p. 159 |
| ................. | 大英視覺藝術百科全書 Vol. 9,pp. 170 |
| ................. | 玻璃陶瓷名詞辭典 p. 10 |
| hu p'o............ | [AS-Academia Sinica] |
| ................. | TELDAP database (2009-) |
| hǔ pò............ | [AS-Academia Sinica] |
| ................. | TELDAP database (2009-) |
| hu po............ | [AS-Academia Sinica] |
| ................. | TELDAP database (2009-) |
| amber(fossil resin)............ | [VP] |
| ................. | Fleming and Honour, Penguin Dictionary of the Decorative Arts (1989) 25 |
| ................. | National Museum of American Art, Media Thesaurus (1980s) amber |
| ................. | CDMARC Subjects: LCSH (1988-) amber |
| ................. | Mayer, Dictionary of Art Terms and Techniques (1969) amber |
| ................. | RILA, Subject Headings (1975-1990) amber |
| ................. | AATA database (1995-) 120351 checked 26 January 2012 |
| ................. | AAT-Ned (1994-) |
| Bernstein............ | [VP] |
| ................. | MFA Conservation and Art Material Encyclopedia Online (2005-) |
| barnsteen............ | [VP] |
| ................. | MFA Conservation and Art Material Encyclopedia Online (2005-) |
| ambre(résine fossile)............ | [VP] |
| ................. | CHIN database |
| ambra(resina fossile)............ | [VP] |
| ................. | MFA Conservation and Art Material Encyclopedia Online (2005-) |
| rav............ | [VP] |
| ................. | MFA Conservation and Art Material Encyclopedia Online (2005-) |
| bärnsten............ | [VP] |
| ................. | MFA Conservation and Art Material Encyclopedia Online (2005-) |
| âmbar(resina fóssil)............ | [VP] |
| ................. | MFA Conservation and Art Material Encyclopedia Online (2005-) |
| ámbar(resina fósil)............ | [CDBP-DIBAM] |
| ................. | Fleming y Honour, Diccionario de Artes Decorativas (1987) 22 |
| Subject:............ | [AS-Academia Sinica] |
| ................. | CHIN database |
| ................. | AATA database (1995-) 120351 checked 26 January 2012 |
| ................. | Polytechnisch woordenboek En-Ne (1991) |
外部連結：
Getty AAT: 300012934
Getty AAT: http://www.getty.edu/vow/AATFullDisplay?find=costume&logic=AND¬e=&subjectid=300012934
聯合目錄： 琥珀 、hu p'o 、hǔ pò 、hu po 、amber 、Bernstein 、amber 、barnsteen 、ambre 、ambra 、rav 、rav 、bärnsten 、âmbar 、ámbar
聯合目錄： 琥珀 、hu p'o 、hǔ pò 、hu po 、amber 、Bernstein 、amber 、barnsteen 、ambre 、ambra 、rav 、rav 、bärnsten 、âmbar 、ámbar
引用：
[琥珀(化石樹脂) amber(fossil resin)(編號300012934)]。《藝術與建築索引典》。http://aat.teldap.tw/AATFullDisplay/300012934（2024/09/29瀏覽）。