In the Pinuyumayan culture, end-of-year festivals involve a series of December rituals starting from Mangayangayaw (or Basibas) for boys coming of age, Mangayaw (or Amiyan) featuring hunting, then all the way to the new year celebration. The festivals underline the significance of connecting, border-crossing and purification. Mangayangayaw (“monkey-shooting”) is held for members of takuban who age from thirteen to eighteen years old. Every December, people refurbish the roof of the takuban, hold purification ritual at the house of ancestral spirits and security ritual (known as semalikid) at the border of the tribe’s territory. Afterward, people would set up a stage for Mangayangayaw. The boys who are about to attend Mangayangayaw should use the leaf of hardy banana to sweep their household as a purifying act (known as alabakabakay) at the ceremony’s eve. At the ceremony, their courage and determination shall be tested by shooting monkeys. At the hunting ritual, adults ranking higher than miyabetan (senior rank of the junior hall) enter the mountainous territory for ceremonial hunting and related rituals. With seniors chanting a hunting hymn known as pairairaw, young adults should stand guard over the hunting camp. At the end of the hunting ritual, which takes up a number of days, the hunting party returns by passing the tribe’s arch of triumph known as laluwanan and men will be crowned with garlands by women awaiting them. The senior members are to announce the end of mourning period for those who have been put on mourning. Subsequently, the end-of-year celebration will last numerous days with singing, dancing and evening puazangi.

卑南族人冬季系列祭儀，由12月少年猴祭（Mangayangayaw/ Basibas）始，到年底大獵祭（Mangayaw/ Amiyan）與新年止，具有一連串連結、跨越、除穢的象徵意義。 少年猴祭由少年會所成員為參與，每年12月族人修葺會所茅草屋頂，並在部落祖靈屋舉行除穢與部落邊界護衛儀式（semalikid），後搭建刺猴祭台。祭典前夜少年以芭蕉葉掃除各家不淨（aLabakabakay），翌日進行刺猴驗證青少年的勇氣與決心。 接著青少年最高階miyabetan以上成年男子進入山區獵場舉行儀式性集體狩獵與祭儀，長老吟誦禱詞詩歌（pairairaw），青年則護衛著營地。數日後集體返歸部落外圍凱旋門（laluwanan），婦女們為其戴上花環，耆老則為喪家舉行除喪儀式，之後在部落舉行數日年祭歌舞與晚間報佳音活動（puazangi）。

年祭(P,,U,繁體中文-偏好,D,U,U)
nien chi(P,,U,韋氏拼音-偏好,UF,U,U)
nián jì (P,,U,漢語拼音-偏好,UF,U,U)
nian ji(P,,U,漢語拼音(無聲調)-偏好,UF,U,U)
End-of-year festivals(P,,U,英文-偏好,D,U,U)
mangayaw(,U,英文-非偏好,UF,U,U)
mangayangayaw(,U,英文-非偏好,UF,U,U)
basibas(,U,英文-非偏好,UF,U,U)
amiyan(,U,英文-非偏好,UF,U,U)

藝術與建築詞典根目錄
....活動層面
........事件 (層級名)
............事件 (概念)
................節日 (事件)
....................文化節日
........................<臺灣原住民節慶>
............................年祭

related to....
related style/period/culture is....

年祭............	[AS-Academia Sinica]
.................	卑南族 (2010)
.................	卑南族的歲時祭儀 (2012) 109-172
.................	「年」的跨越：試論南王卑南族大獵祭的社會文化意義 (1989) 53-74
End-of-year festivals............	[AS-Academia Sinica]
.................	AAT-Taiwan 借詞編輯與使用原則 (2013)
mangayaw............	[AS-Academia Sinica]
.................	卑南族 (2010)
.................	卑南族的歲時祭儀 (2012) 109-172
.................	「年」的跨越：試論南王卑南族大獵祭的社會文化意義 (1989) 53-74
mangayangayaw............	[AS-Academia Sinica]
.................	卑南族 (2010)
basibas............	[AS-Academia Sinica]
.................	臺灣原住民族歲時祭儀論文集(上) (2012) 131-132
.................	卑南族 (2010)
amiyan............	[AS-Academia Sinica]
.................	卑南族 (2010)
.................	卑南族的歲時祭儀 (2012) 109-172

Getty AAT: 300438551 Getty AAT: http://www.getty.edu/vow/AATFullDisplay?find=costume&logic=AND¬e=&subjectid=300438551
聯合目錄： 年祭 、nien chi 、nián jì 、nian ji 、End-of-year festivals 、mangayaw 、mangayangayaw 、basibas 、amiyan